Cholestasis is a medical condition that occurs when the flow of bile from the liver is reduced or blocked. Bile is a digestive fluid that is produced by the liver and stored in the gallbladder. It is released into the small intestine to help with the digestion and absorption of fats.
In cholestasis, bile can build up in the liver and cause damage to liver cells. This can lead to a range of symptoms and complications, including jaundice, itching, and liver damage.
There are two types of cholestasis: intrahepatic cholestasis and extrahepatic cholestasis.
Intrahepatic cholestasis occurs when the bile ducts within the liver become damaged or blocked. This can be caused by a variety of factors, including genetic conditions, infections, medications, and pregnancy. Symptoms may include itching, fatigue, nausea, and jaundice.
Extrahepatic cholestasis occurs when the bile ducts outside of the liver become blocked. This can be caused by gallstones, tumors, or other obstructions. Symptoms may include abdominal pain, fever, and jaundice.
Treatment for cholestasis depends on the underlying cause and the severity of symptoms. Intrahepatic cholestasis can often be managed with medications to reduce itching and support liver function. In some cases, early delivery may be necessary for pregnant women with intrahepatic cholestasis.
Extrahepatic cholestasis may require surgery to remove the blockage or to repair the bile ducts. In some cases, a liver transplant may be necessary.
It is important to seek medical attention if you are experiencing symptoms of cholestasis, as early diagnosis and treatment can help prevent complications and improve outcomes.
