Red lupus, also known as systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), is a chronic autoimmune disease that can affect multiple organs in the body. The disease is characterized by the body’s immune system attacking healthy cells and tissues, leading to inflammation and damage. One of the organs that can be affected by SLE is the heart.
The cardiovascular system is particularly vulnerable in SLE patients, as the inflammation caused by the disease can lead to damage of the heart and blood vessels. In fact, cardiovascular disease is a leading cause of death in patients with SLE.
Some of the most common cardiovascular complications of SLE include:
Atherosclerosis: Atherosclerosis is a condition in which the arteries become narrowed and hardened due to the accumulation of plaques made up of fat, cholesterol, and other substances. This can lead to reduced blood flow to the heart and other organs, and increase the risk of heart attack and stroke.
Pericarditis: Pericarditis is an inflammation of the pericardium, the sac that surrounds the heart. It can cause chest pain and discomfort, as well as a buildup of fluid around the heart.
Myocarditis: Myocarditis is an inflammation of the myocardium, the muscular tissue of the heart. It can cause heart failure, arrhythmias, and other complications.
Endocarditis: Endocarditis is an inflammation of the lining of the heart and its valves. It can cause heart murmurs, fever, and other symptoms.
Pulmonary hypertension: Pulmonary hypertension is a condition in which the blood pressure in the arteries that supply the lungs becomes abnormally high. This can lead to shortness of breath, dizziness, and other symptoms.
Thrombosis: Thrombosis is the formation of blood clots in the blood vessels. These clots can block blood flow to the heart and other organs, leading to heart attack or stroke.
To diagnose cardiovascular complications in SLE patients, doctors may perform tests such as electrocardiograms (ECGs), echocardiograms, and stress tests. Treatment may involve medications to manage inflammation, control blood pressure and cholesterol levels, and prevent blood clots. In severe cases, surgical intervention may be necessary.
In conclusion, SLE can have a significant impact on the heart and cardiovascular system, leading to a range of complications. It is important for patients with SLE to be aware of these potential risks and work closely with their doctors to manage their condition and reduce their risk of complications.
