Syphilis is a sexually transmitted disease (STD) that can affect different parts of the body, including the mouth. In fact, syphilis is often referred to as “the great imitator” because its symptoms can mimic other conditions, making it difficult to diagnose.
The effects of syphilis on the mouth can vary depending on the stage of the disease. Here’s what you need to know:
Primary syphilis:
During the primary stage of syphilis, a painless sore called a chancre may appear on or around the mouth. The sore is usually round, firm, and raised, with a red base. It may go unnoticed or be mistaken for a cold sore or canker sore. The chancre typically heals on its own within a few weeks, but the disease is still present in the body.
Secondary syphilis:
If left untreated, syphilis can progress to the secondary stage. During this stage, a rash may appear on the body, including the mouth. The rash can be red, brown, or even gray in color, and may appear as small, raised bumps or large, flat lesions. Other symptoms of secondary syphilis can include fever, fatigue, sore throat, and swollen lymph nodes.
Latent syphilis:
In some cases, syphilis may enter a latent stage, during which there are no visible symptoms. However, the disease is still present in the body and can progress to the late stage.
Late syphilis:
If syphilis is left untreated, it can cause serious damage to the body, including the mouth. Late syphilis can cause a condition called gummas, which are soft, tumor-like growths that can form on the tongue, lips, or inside the cheeks. Gummas can be painful and can lead to the destruction of nearby tissues.
Neurosyphilis:
In rare cases, syphilis can affect the nervous system. Neurosyphilis can cause a variety of symptoms, including headaches, difficulty walking, and numbness or tingling in the hands and feet. If left untreated, neurosyphilis can cause severe damage to the brain and spinal cord.
It’s important to seek medical attention if you suspect you may have syphilis or have been exposed to the disease. Syphilis can be treated with antibiotics, but early diagnosis and treatment are essential for preventing long-term complications. Practice safe sex and get tested regularly if you are sexually active to protect yourself and your partner from STDs.
