Vaginal fungal infections, also known as vaginal yeast infections or candidiasis, are a common condition that affects many women. Fungal infections occur when there is an overgrowth of the fungus Candida in the vagina. Candida is normally present in the vagina in small amounts, but an overgrowth can occur due to various reasons.
Symptoms of vaginal fungal infections may include:
Itching and burning in and around the vagina
Painful urination
Pain during sex
Redness and swelling of the vulva
White, thick, and clumpy discharge from the vagina
Vaginal fungal infections are usually caused by a type of yeast called Candida albicans, but other types of yeast and fungi can also cause this condition. Some of the common causes of vaginal fungal infections include:
Antibiotic use: Antibiotics can kill the good bacteria in the vagina that help keep the Candida in check, leading to overgrowth.
Hormonal changes: Hormonal changes during pregnancy, menopause, and menstruation can alter the pH balance in the vagina, making it more susceptible to fungal infections.
Weakened immune system: A weakened immune system due to conditions like HIV/AIDS, diabetes, or chemotherapy can increase the risk of developing a fungal infection.
Sexual transmission: Although uncommon, it is possible to contract a fungal infection through sexual contact with an infected partner.
Treatment for vaginal fungal infections typically involves the use of antifungal medications. These can be in the form of creams, suppositories, or oral medications. Over-the-counter medications like miconazole and clotrimazole are often effective, but prescription medications may be necessary for more severe infections or recurring infections.
In addition to medication, there are steps you can take to prevent vaginal fungal infections, such as:
Wearing loose, breathable clothing
Avoiding douching or using scented hygiene products
Eating a healthy, balanced diet
Avoiding unnecessary use of antibiotics
Practicing good hygiene, including wiping from front to back after using the toilet and changing out of wet clothing as soon as possible
Vaginal fungal infections are a common condition that can be easily treated and prevented with proper care and attention. If you suspect you have a fungal infection, it is important to see a healthcare provider for proper diagnosis and treatment.
