The thyroid gland, located in the neck, produces hormones that help regulate the body’s metabolism. When the thyroid gland doesn’t function properly, it can lead to a range of symptoms related to the body’s metabolism.
Hypothyroidism, or an underactive thyroid gland, is a common thyroid dysfunction. Symptoms of hypothyroidism can vary depending on the severity and duration of the condition, but can include:
Fatigue and weakness: People with hypothyroidism often feel tired, sluggish, and weak.
Weight gain: The thyroid hormone regulates metabolism, and when it is low, the body’s metabolic rate slows down, making it easier to gain weight.
Cold intolerance: People with hypothyroidism may feel cold more often than others.
Constipation: The slowing down of the body’s metabolic rate can also affect the digestive system, leading to constipation.
Dry skin and hair: The lack of thyroid hormone can affect the skin and hair, leading to dryness and brittle hair.
Depression and cognitive impairment: Hypothyroidism can affect brain function, leading to symptoms such as depression, forgetfulness, and difficulty concentrating.
Menstrual irregularities: Hypothyroidism can affect the menstrual cycle, leading to irregular periods or heavier than usual bleeding.
In contrast, hyperthyroidism, or an overactive thyroid gland, can also cause symptoms such as:
Weight loss: The excess thyroid hormone can increase metabolic rate and cause weight loss.
Rapid heart rate: The excess thyroid hormone can also cause the heart to beat faster than usual.
Tremors: Hyperthyroidism can cause tremors or shaky hands.
Anxiety and irritability: The excess thyroid hormone can affect the brain and lead to anxiety and irritability.
Heat intolerance: People with hyperthyroidism may feel hot more often than others.
Increased sweating: The excess thyroid hormone can cause increased sweating.
Menstrual irregularities: Hyperthyroidism can also affect the menstrual cycle, leading to lighter than usual periods or even absence of menstruation.
It’s important to note that many of these symptoms can be caused by other conditions, and a proper diagnosis requires evaluation by a healthcare professional. If you are experiencing any of these symptoms, it’s important to speak to your doctor to determine the underlying cause and receive appropriate treatment.
